AP Statistics Curriculum 2007 Beta
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'''Definition''': Beta distribution is a distribution that models events which are constrained to take place within an interval defined by a minimum and maximum value. | '''Definition''': Beta distribution is a distribution that models events which are constrained to take place within an interval defined by a minimum and maximum value. | ||
- | <br />'''Probability density function''': For <math>X\sim Beta(\alpha,\beta)\!</math>, the Beta probability density function is given by | + | <br />'''Probability density function''': For <math>X\sim \operatorname{Beta}(\alpha,\beta)\!</math>, the Beta probability density function is given by |
:<math>\frac{x^{\alpha-1}(1-x)^{\beta-1}}{\Beta(\alpha,\beta)}</math> | :<math>\frac{x^{\alpha-1}(1-x)^{\beta-1}}{\Beta(\alpha,\beta)}</math> | ||
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*<font size="3"><math>\alpha</math></font> is a positive shape parameter | *<font size="3"><math>\alpha</math></font> is a positive shape parameter | ||
*<font size="3"><math>\beta</math></font> is a positive shape parameter | *<font size="3"><math>\beta</math></font> is a positive shape parameter | ||
- | *<math>\textstyle\Beta(\alpha,\beta)=\int_0^1 t^{\alpha-1}(1-t)^{\beta-1}dt</math> or | + | *<math>\textstyle\Beta(\alpha,\beta)=\int_0^1 t^{\alpha-1}(1-t)^{\beta-1}dt</math> or <br /> |
- | + | <math>\textstyle\Beta(\alpha,\beta)=\frac{\Gamma(x)\Gamma(y)}{\Gamma(x+y)}</math>, where <math>\Gamma(k)!=(k-1)!=1 \times 2 \times\ 3 \times\cdots \times (k-1)</math> | |
*x is a random variable | *x is a random variable | ||
Revision as of 21:19, 11 July 2011
Beta Distribution
Definition: Beta distribution is a distribution that models events which are constrained to take place within an interval defined by a minimum and maximum value.
Probability density function: For , the Beta probability density function is given by
where
- α is a positive shape parameter
- β is a positive shape parameter
- or
, where
- x is a random variable
Cumulative density function: Beta cumulative distribution function is given by
where
Moment generating function: The Beta moment-generating function is
Expectation: The expected value of a Beta distributed random variable x is
Variance: The Beta variance is
Applications
The Beta distribution is used in a range of disciplines including rule of succession, Bayesian statistics, and task duration modeling. Examples of events that may be modeled by Beta distribution include:
- The time it takes to complete a task
- The proportion of defective items in a shipment
Example
Suppose that DVDs in a certain shipment are defective with a Beta distribution with α = 2 and β = 5. Compute the probability that the shipment has 20% to 30% defective DVDs.
We can compute this as follows:
The figure below shows this result using SOCR distributions